Thalassemia is a group of inherited blood disorders that affect the production of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body. There are many different types of thalassemia, but the most common are alpha thalassemia and beta thalassemia.Thalassemia can range in severity from mild to severe. In mild cases, people may have no symptoms or only mild anemia. In severe cases, thalassemia can be life-threatening.One of the challenges of living with thalassemia is that it can impact fertility. , the factors that can affect fertility in people with thalassemia, and the treatment options available for people with thalassemia who want to have children.