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What causes Sperm DNA Fragmentation?

There are some possible methods that sperms’ genetic material becomes damaged, and it is able to occur at numerous factors in the technique of producing and storing sperm.

1. Errors or damage during “condensation”

During spermatogenesis the genetic material inside sperm condenses. The DNA wraps round a few particular proteins to arrange itself snugly in the sperm’s head. This allows massive quantities of DNA to occupy a totally small space, and can protect the DNA from damage. But this method additionally has the ability to introduce damage. Firstly, it’s quite a massive quantity of genetic material that desires to be compacted tightly within the nucleus of the sperm. It’s possible that this twisting should reason physical breaks within the DNA.

2 .Oxidative stress

Free radicals, additionally known as reactive oxygen species (ROS), are volatile molecules produced as herbal byproducts of everyday life. At low levels, ROS aren’t generally damaging and might also be useful to cells. But if left unchecked, free radicals can purpose damage to different molecules inside cells, together with DNA. This damage is referred to as “oxidative stress. Bodies normally use compounds referred to as antioxidants to neutralize those molecules and prevent damage. Antioxidants are produced certainly with the aid of using body and absorbed from meals or supplements. In fact, semen is understood to include relatively high portions of antioxidants together with nutrition, vitamin C, and glutathione, to defend sperm from oxidative stress. Antioxidants also are produced in different components of the male reproductive system, such as the epididymis, in which sperm is stored.