Is surgical sperm retrieval painful?
In the past, the only options for treating azoospermia were reconstructive surgery (if there was obstruction) or donor insemination. Now, the advent of intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has enabled many azoospermic men to become biological fathers using sperm obtained from their epididymis or testis. Pregnancy rates with ICSI are the same whether ejaculated, epididymal or testicular sperm are used