Categories: Health news

How is Primary Ovarian Insufficiency Diagnosed?

Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is diagnosed by measuring follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol levels. FSH levels are usually higher than 30 mIU/mL in POI, and estradiol levels are usually lower than 20 pg/mL.

A healthcare provider may also perform two FSH tests, at least a month apart. If the FSH level is as high as it is in women who have gone through menopause in both tests, then POI is likely.

Other diagnostic criteria for POI include:

Unexplained menstrual abnormalities
Infertility
Symptoms of estrogen deficiency

A blood test (karyotype testing) may also be performed to look for genetic disorders.

The most common treatment for POI is hormone replacement therapy (HRT). HRT provides the body with estrogen and other hormones that the ovaries are not making. HRT can improve sexual health and decrease the risks for cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis.

Medical History and Physical Examination: A thorough review of medical history and a physical exam are crucial initial steps.
Hormone Level Testing: Blood tests to check hormone levels, especially FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) and estradiol, are important for diagnosis.
Imaging Studies: Ultrasound or MRI scans may be done to visualise the ovaries and assess their structure and size.
Genetic Testing: In some cases, genetic testing might be recommended, especially if there’s a family history of POI.