DNA fragmentation and male fertility
DNA fragmentation and male fertility
Sperm carries DNA from the male testicles to the female egg. A very large amount of DNA is compacted into each tiny sperm, and the fragile DNA is tightly wrapped around protein structures, which help protect it. Together, the protein structures and DNA form chromatin.
Sperm chromatin is the most compact form of DNA, and even with protection, it is vulnerable to damage during the journey that begins with sperm production in the testicle and extends throughout the epididymis and vas deferens before ejaculation. Some studies show sperm DNA damage, or fragmentation is associated with reduced fertility in men. Extensive DNA fragmentation is associated with infertility and miscarriage and may make both natural conception or conception with IUI more difficult.