What are the risk factors for ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS)?
Women at a higher risk for OHSS include those who:
- Have PCOS.
- Have previously had OHSS.
- Have a large number of follicles or high level of estrogen during IVF stimulation.
- Received high doses of hCG during an IVF cycle.
- Have undergone a “fresh” rather than “frozen” embryo transfer.
In addition, while there is not clear evidence, there may be a higher risk for OHSS in those who:
- Are younger than 30 years old.
- Weigh less than normal.
How is ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) managed or treated?
The treatment for OHSS varies depending on how severe the condition is. Treatment aims to manage symptoms and avoid complications.
For mild to moderate cases of OHSS, treatment usually involves:
- Avoiding vigorous physical activity.
- Increasing oral intake of fluids.
- Using acetaminophen to relieve symptoms.
- Weighing yourself daily.
- Monitoring yourself for any severe symptoms.
Severe cases of OHSS often require hospitalization. Treatment of severe OHSS may include:
- Adjusting your fertility medication dose.
- Receiving intravenous (directly into the vein) fluids.
- Freezing your embryos and delaying their embryo transfer until the ovaries return to normal.
- Undergoing paracentesis (a procedure to remove fluid from the belly).
- Taking medicines to ease symptoms or reduce activity in the ovaries.
What complications are associated with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS)?
Women with OHSS are at risk for developing a thrombosis (blood clot) in the lungs or legs. Medicines can help decrease your risk for this complication. Tell your healthcare provider if you experience a painful, swollen leg or chest pain.
In rare cases, an ovarian cyst associated with OHSS can burst. Women with this complication may need surgery to stop the dangerous bleeding that can occur as a result.